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The Great Hurricane of 1780, also known as Huracán San Calixto, the Great Hurricane of the Antilles, and the 1780 Disaster,〔 is the deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record. Between 20,000 and 22,000 people died when the storm passed through the Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean 10–16 October. Specifics on the hurricane's track and strength are unknown since the official Atlantic hurricane database only goes back to 1851. The hurricane struck Barbados with winds possibly exceeding , before moving past Martinique, Saint Lucia, and Sint Eustatius; thousands of deaths were reported on the islands. Coming in the midst of the American Revolution, the storm caused heavy losses to British and French fleets contesting for control of the area. The hurricane later passed near Puerto Rico and over the eastern portion of Hispaniola. There, it caused heavy damage near the coastlines. It ultimately turned to the northeast before being last observed on 20 October southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland. The death toll from the Great Hurricane alone exceeds that of many entire decades of Atlantic hurricanes. Estimates are marginally higher than for Hurricane Mitch, the second-deadliest Atlantic storm, for which figures are likely more accurate. The hurricane was part of the disastrous 1780 Atlantic hurricane season, with two other deadly storms occurring in October.〔 ==Meteorological history== The exact origin of the hurricane is unknown but it probably developed, as do many hurricanes, in the east Atlantic Ocean off the Cabo Verde Islands in early October. The system strengthened and expanded as it tracked slowly westward and first began affecting Barbados late on 9 October. Late on 10 October, the worst of the hurricane passed over the island. Early on 11 October, the hurricane turned north-northwest about east of Saint Lucia, and later that night it neared the island of Martinique. The cyclone gradually weakened as it passed to the southwest of Dominica early on 12 October and subsequently struck the island of Guadeloupe.〔 After hitting Guadeloupe, the hurricane turned west-northwest, passing about southwest of Saint Kitts. The hurricane steadily neared Puerto Rico as it paralleled the southern coastline, and on 14 October made its closest point of approach, to the southwest portion of the island. It subsequently turned to the northwest, hitting the island of Mona in the Mona Passage before making landfall near the present-day Dominican Republic province of Samaná. Late on 15 October, it reached the Atlantic Ocean and after passing about east of Grand Turk Island, it is estimated to have recurved to the northeast. The hurricane passed southeast of Bermuda on 18 October,〔 and was last observed two days later about southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland. On 19 October, strong winds and high tides were reported in the British province of East Florida (the northeastern portion of present-day Florida). One modern historian suggests the hurricane passed much closer to the province than previously thought. Another possibility considered was an extension to a hurricane in the western Caribbean Sea. Because of lack of data, the exact track of the Great Hurricane is unknown. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Great Hurricane of 1780」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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